The first English translation of theKama Sutrawas privately printed in 1883 by the Orientalist SirRichard Francis Burton. He did not translate it, but did edit it to suit the Victorian British attitudes. The unedited translation was produced by the Indian scholarBhagwan Lal Indrajiwith the assistance of a student Shivaram Parshuram Bhide, under the guidance of Burton's friend, the Indian civil servantForster Fitzgerald Arbuthnot.[96]According to Wendy Doniger, the Burton version is a "flawed English translation" but influential as modern translators and abridged versions ofKamasutraeven in the Indian languages such as Hindi are re-translations of the Burton version, rather than the original Sanskrit manuscript.[94]